What is a mammogram?
A mammogram is a set of images of the breast. Each breast is imaged in two different projections for screening examinations and three projections for diagnostic studies. The images are obtained by placing the breast in a special mammography machine which is designed so that a radiation beam passes through the breast and forms an image on an x-ray film. The breast is held in compression for each x-ray exposure to achieve the clearest possible image at the lowest possible radiation dosage.
Mammography requires specialized equipment with exceptionally low energy
x-rays and highly sensitive detailed mammography x-ray film.
What is the difference between screening and diagnostic mammograms?
Screening mammography is performed on women without symptoms who are over the age of 40. The purpose is to look for any early signs of breast cancer. The majority of these mammograms show no abnormality.
Diagnostic mammography is performed to resolve a particular question related to the breast. Such questions can arise if:
- A woman has any signs and symptoms related to the breast, such as a lump, breast pain, nipple discharge, unexplained skin changes of either breast, or new or unexplained asymmetry of the breasts.
- If a woman has a personal or family history of breast cancer.
- If an indeterminate abnormality is seen on a screening mammogram.
Diagnostic mammography often includes extra mammographic views. These may be magnified spot compression views or views performed in different non-standard positions and projections. Sometimes the breast is further examined using ultrasound.
When should I get a mammogram?
You may be referred for a mammogram by your primary care doctor or you may contact us directly. Usually a woman has her first (or baseline) mammogram at 40 years of age although this may be earlier in individuals with a strong family history of breast cancer. The baseline exam may also be performed earlier if there are any signs or symptoms present.
After the baseline mammogram, the woman should have a mammogram every one or two years until the age of 40. After age 40, an annual mammogram is recommended.
What will happen during the mammogram?
The mammography technologist will position your breast. This involves flattening and compressing the breast to obtain a clear picture of the tissues. The degree of compression needed for optimal imaging may cause discomfort momentarily. It does not harm the breast tissue. The entire exam will take approximately a half hour. If your breasts are particularly sensitive, scheduling of the examination several days after the completion of the menstrual cycle would be recommended. A dosage of Tylenol (acetaminophen) or Motrin (ibuprofen) may be helpful if taken one hour before the examination.
How will I learn the results?
You will be informed of the results of your mammogram by your physician. Federal law requires us to send you written notification of the results of your procedure as well.
Is mammography safe?
Mammography does expose you to some low level of radiation. However, today’s refined mammography equipment is designed so that this exposure is minimal and considered of much less risk when compared to the benefits of early detection.
Preparation:
If you had a prior mammogram elsewhere, you’ll be asked to either bring that mammogram to your appointment, or arrange for it to be sent to us. Comparing mammograms made at different times on the same person is often extremely helpful in detecting subtle changes. On the day of your mammogram, you should not use talcum powder, perfume, or deodorant. We recommend that you wear a comfortable two-piece garment. You may continue to take any medication that you normally take. If you wish you may take a pain relief medicine such as Tylenol (acetaminofen) or Motrin (ibuprofen) one hour before the exam.
